The mosque was built by Mustafa Pasha, who was the Treasurer during the reign of Selim II, to Mimar Sinan. It is located on Talat Pasha Street, northwest of Sitti Sultan Mosque. The building is in a large courtyard. It is also known as Defterdar Mosque, Defterdar Mustafa Çelebi Mosque, Defterdar Kara Mustafa Pasha Mosque in the sources. Evliya Çelebi says that the dome of the harim (mosque) is magnificent and the minaret was built in proportion to this dome.

It is stated that the dome of the mosque collapsed in the earthquake of 1752; and that the harim was covered with a wooden roof in the 1870s during the restoration built by Hacı Ruşen Efendi. In the repairs carried out by the General Directorate of Foundations in 1953 and 1962, the dome, last congregation place, crown gate and windows were renewed in accordance with the original.